Gukina golf nijoro, hagomba kubaho kumurika bihagije, bitanga ibisabwa cyane kugirango amatara ya golf.Kumurika golf isabwa kumurika biratandukanye nibindi bibuga by'imikino, kandi ibibazo bigomba gusuzumwa bitandukanye nibindi bibuga by'imikino.Amasomo ya golf ni manini cyane, inshuro nyinshi kurenza izindi siporo, kandi igabanijwemo inzira nyinshi.Kumasomo ya golf afite par 72, hari inzira 18 ninzira 18;hiyongereyeho, inzira nyabagendwa ni Icyerekezo ahanini ni inzira imwe, kandi inzira zegeranye zegeranye ahanini ni inzira imwe, kandi inzira nyabagendwa ihinduka muburyo butandukanye, kandi uburebure burahinduka, bigatuma imyanya yumucyo, ubwoko bwumucyo utanga isoko kandi icyerekezo cyerekana urumuri rwamatara biragaragara ko bitandukanye nibindi bibuga by'imikino.Bigaragara ko igishushanyo kiruhije kandi kigoye.Wanye Lighting izasobanura byinshi mubice birimo gushushanya amatara no guhitamo amatara.
Amagambo shingiro: urumuri rwa golf urumuri, urumuri rwa golf urumuri rwihariye, urumuri rwa golf urumuri, urumuri rwa LED rwumucyo, urumuri rwumwuzure rwumwuga, urumuri rwamasomo ya LED, urumuri rwa halide, urumuri rwa golf, urumuri rwa golf, urumuri rwa golf, urumuri rwa golf, gahunda yo kumurika amasomo ya golf, itara rya siporo, kumurika amasomo ya golf Igishushanyo mbonera cya golf kumurika igishushanyo mbonera cyimikino ya siporo igishushanyo mbonera cya golf.
Igishushanyo mbonera
Golf ni siporo yo hanze ikoresha umwanya wose.Abantu bagenda kuri nyakatsi umupira uguruka mumwanya uri hejuru yibyatsi.Kubwibyo, mugihe utekereje kumurika inzira ya golf, ntabwo hagomba gutekerezwa gusa kumurika kugenda kwa golf numupira ugwa kumurima.Ikintu cyingenzi cyane ni ugukora urumuri rwumwanya wo hejuru wa stade kimwe kimwe gishoboka, kandi ntugabanye umurongo.Nukuvuga ko, ukoresheje amatara yumwuzure, ukoresheje imwe cyangwa nyinshi nini yumucyo utanga urumuri, cyangwa urumuri ruto ruturuka mubyerekezo byinshi, kugirango urumuri rumuri rworoshe, rwuzuze ibisabwa mumashusho ya golf, kandi bigerweho haba munsi yumucyo no munsi ya izuba Ikintu kimwe gishobora kuzunguruka.
Mu isomo rya golf, umwobo ugizwe ahanini nibice bitatu: tee (TEE), inzira nyabagendwa (FA IRWA Y) nicyatsi (GREEN).Muri byo, igice cyumuhanda kirimo bunkers (BUN KER), pisine (POOL), ikiraro (BR IDA GE), ahahanamye (SLO PE), imisozi (H ILL S), ahantu nyakatsi ndende (LON GGRA SS) n'umuhanda wumupira (CAR PA TH) nibindi bice bitandukanye.Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gushushanya kuri buri stade, imiterere yibi bice muri stade nayo iratandukanye.Byongeye kandi, bunkers, inzitizi z’amazi hamwe n’ibyatsi birebire bisobanurwa nkinzitizi zamasomo muri "Amategeko ya Golf".Bazotuma abakinyi ba golf bumva ko bitoroshe.Kubwibyo, kumurika nijoro nabyo bigomba gutekerezwa neza kugirango byorohereze gukina.Uruhare rwarwo.Uburyo bukwiye bwo kumurika burashobora kandi kongera umunezero ningorabahizi zo gukina golf nijoro.
Kuri buri mwobo, ubutaka bwikibanza nigice cyambere.Amatara hano agomba kuba yarateguwe kugirango abakinyi ba golf cyangwa ibumoso iburyo babone umupira nu mpera yicyayi neza bitabangamiye serivisi.Kumurika gutambitse muri rusange birasabwa kugera kuri 100 ~ 150 lx, kandi amatara ahanini ni amatara yagutse cyane, kandi akamurikira ibyerekezo bibiri bishoboka kugirango wirinde igicucu cyumupira, club cyangwa golf kugwa kumupira cyangwa gukubita In icyerekezo, bigira ingaruka kumyerekano ya golf.
Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, urumuri ruto rushyirwaho byibuze m 115 uvuye kuruhande rwinyuma.Ku meza manini yo gutondekanya, amatara menshi yerekanwe (Ishusho 1).Uburebure bwo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho byo kumurika kumeza yicyayi bigomba kuba binini cyangwa bingana na kimwe cya kabiri cyuburebure bwameza yicyayi, ariko byibuze bitarenze m 9.Imyitozo yo kwishyiriraho yerekana ko kongera uburebure bwubushakashatsi bizamura neza ingaruka zo kumurika kumeza yicyayi.Kurugero, ukoresheje amatara maremare ya m 14, ingaruka nibyiza cyane kuruta gukoresha itara rya m 9 munsi.
Igice cyumuhanda wa buri mwobo, bitewe n’aho giherereye, gikoresha neza ubutaka buriho, bwahujwe nubutaka busanzwe, kandi ubugari buratandukana ukurikije ingorane zogushushanya umwobo, kuva kuri 32 kugeza kuri 55 m, Ubugari buringaniye ni nka m 41, kandi impande zose zumuhanda nyabagendwa zikora umurongo ahantu hose, akaba ari nini mugace kamanuka.Kubwibyo, kubijyanye no kumurika inzira nyabagendwa, birashobora gufatwa nkugukoresha amatara magufi yo gukwirakwiza amatara kugirango akurikirane amatara kumpande zombi kugirango habeho kumurika bihagije.Indege ihanamye yerekeza ku butumburuke butambitse hagati y'umuhanda.Ubugari nubugari bwuzuye bwumuhanda muricyo gihe, kandi uburebure buva muburebure bwumurongo wo hagati wumuhanda kugera kuri m 15 hejuru yacyo.Iyi ndege ihagaze iherereye hagati yinkingi ebyiri zoroheje zumuhanda.Imyitozo yerekana ko niba izo ndege zihagaritse zatoranijwe mukarere kamanuka umupira, ingaruka kumupira zizaba nziza.
Ukurikije amahame mpuzamahanga ya Illuminance (Z9110, 1997 Edition) hamwe nibisabwa tekinike ya THORN URUMURI, urumuri rutambitse rwumuhanda rusabwa kugera kuri lx 80-100, naho urumuri rumuri rusabwa kugirango rugere kuri 100-150.Ku ndege ihagaritse, igipimo cyo kumurika guhagaritse kumurika ntarengwa ntigomba kurenza 7: 1 (Ishusho 2).Iyo umupira urimo kwiruka ku muvuduko wa km 100 öh cyangwa irenga, kumurika guhagaritse kumihanda bigomba kuba bihagije kugirango umukinnyi wa golf abone uko umupira wose ugenda kugeza igihe iboneye aho igwa, ni ukuvuga itara kumurika byashyizwe kumurongo bigomba kuba Menya neza ko umupira wakubiswe na golf kumeza yicyayi ushobora gukurikiranwa.Kubera iyo mpamvu, birasabwa ko intera iri hagati yubuso bwa mbere buhagaritse na pole yumucyo kumeza yicyayi itagomba kuba munsi ya m 30, kandi intera iri hagati yinkingi yumucyo igomba guhuzwa nurumuri rwatoranijwe.Ibiranga urumuri, hamwe nubutaka aho urumuri ruri ruherereye birasuzumwa neza.Uburebure ntarengwa bwo kwishyiriraho itara ni m 11 uvuye munsi yigitereko cyamatara, kandi kigomba gushyirwaho hashoboka ahantu haguye cyangwa mu mfuruka yumuhanda, bityo bikagabanya umubare wamatara ninkingi zamatara kandi ukizigama. ishoramari;niba itara ryamatara riri ahantu hamwe nubutaka bwihariye, shyiramo Uburebure bugomba kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka bikurikije.Kubwibyo, kugirango ugabanye ingaruka zubutaka, inkingi zoroheje zishyirwa kumurongo wumupira cyangwa ahantu hirengeye.
Mu kindi gice cy'inzira nyabagendwa, ni ukuvuga imbogamizi ku mbuga, nk'ibidendezi bya bunker, ibiraro bito, n'ibindi, hagomba no gutekerezwa umubare munini wo kumurika, ushobora kuba uri hagati ya 30 na 75 lx kugirango umenye neza ko golf ikubita uturere iyo umupira ukubiswe., Urashobora kandi gukubita umupira nanone neza.Mugihe kimwe, igishushanyo mbonera cyamatara yaho kirashobora kandi kongeramo igikundiro kuri stade nijoro.
Umukinnyi akubita umupira unyuze mu nzira nyabagendwa, akubita umupira ku cyatsi, maze asunika umupira mu mwobo kugira ngo yuzuze umwobo.Icyatsi, nkimpera yumwobo, ubusanzwe ubutaka buri hejuru cyane yumuhanda, kandi kumurika kwayo gutambitse birasabwa cyane, muri rusange 200 ～ 250 lx, kandi ikigereranyo cyumucyo ntarengwa utambitse kuri horizontal ntoya ntikirenza 3 : 1, kubera ko umupira Ukuboko kurashobora gusunika umupira kuva impande zose hejuru yicyatsi kugera kumwobo.Kubwibyo, igishushanyo mbonera cyicyatsi kibisi kigomba kugira byibura icyerekezo 2 cyo kugabanya igicucu (Ishusho 3).Inkingi yumucyo yashyizwe ahantu hafite igicucu cya dogere 40 imbere yicyatsi kibisi, kandi intera iri hagati yamatara iri munsi cyangwa ihwanye ninshuro eshatu z'uburebure bwumucyo, kandi ingaruka zo kumurika nibyiza.
Mugihe ushyizeho urumuri, ni ngombwa kwitondera: Itara ntirishobora kugira ingaruka kumukino wa golf, kandi ni ngombwa cyane kudatanga urumuri rwangiza abakinyi ba golf muri iyi nzira nyabagendwa cyangwa izindi nzira nyabagendwa.Ubwoko bwo kumurika burimo urumuri rutaziguye, urumuri rwerekanwe, urumuri ruterwa no gutandukanya urumuri rwinshi cyane, hamwe nurumuri ruterwa no kutabona neza.Kumurongo wa golf ucanwa, icyerekezo cyerekana urumuri rushyizwe mubyerekezo byumupira.Iyo nta nzira nyabagendwa yegeranye, ingaruka zo kumurika ni nkeya, no kumihanda yegeranye, kubera ingaruka zinzira zombi.Mu cyerekezo gitandukanye, icyerekezo cyerekana urumuri rutandukanye, kandi amatara yegeranye n'umuhanda azabyara cyane abakinnyi bakubise umupira kumuhanda.Uku kurabagirana kugaragara muburyo butaziguye, bukomeye cyane munsi yumwijima wikirere cyijoro.Bizatera amahwemo cyane kubakinnyi ba golf.Kubwibyo, mugihe ushyizeho amatara yinzira zegeranye, ingaruka zumucyo zigomba kugabanuka.
Imirasire ihoraho G = L sa × W böL fc × P d aho L s - umucyo winkomoko yumucyo (cdöm 2);W - inguni ikomeye yinkomoko yaka (Sr);L f - urumuri rwinyuma (cdöm 2); P d —— P (H) Imikorere yumwanya a, b, c, d—— ihoraho.Ibihugu bitandukanye bifite indangagaciro zitandukanye.Binyuze mu bushakashatsi, tubona: a = 1, b = 0163, c = 0128, P d = P (H);rero, G = L s × W 0163öL f0128 × P (H);
Muri ubu buryo, munsi yumucyo umwe wumucyo utanga urumuri nubucucike bwinyuma, ukoresheje isoko imwe yumucyo, ni ukuvuga, mugihe urumuri rutanga rufite inguni imwe W, urumuri ruhoraho G ruba ruhuye nibikorwa byumwanya P (H) , na P (H) Ubwiyongere bwa H inguni bwiyongera, bugaragarira nkigabanuka ryingaruka.Nukuvuga ko, iyo intera D iri hagati ya golf nisoko ya glare ihoraho, uburebure bwinkomoko yumucyo bwiyongera kuburyo bukwiye, ni ukuvuga agaciro ka H inguni kiyongereye, kandi ingaruka zumucyo zigabanuka uko bikwiye.Imyitozo irerekana ko mugihe uburebure bwo kwishyiriraho isoko yumucyo buri hejuru ya m 11, urumuri rwa stade rushobora kugenzurwa neza.
Ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru bisobanura cyane cyane imiterere yumucyo wa stade nuburyo bwo kugabanya urumuri rwangiza.Guhitamo amatara n'amatara, ingingo zikurikira zigomba gusuzumwa.
1. Inkomoko yumucyo mwinshi irahitamo.Muri ubu buryo, iyo urumuri rumwe rumaze kugerwaho, umubare wumucyo ukenewe urashobora kugabanuka, bityo bikagabanya ibiciro byumuriro wamashanyarazi nigiciro cyo kwishyiriraho, ni ukuvuga kugabanya ishoramari ryambere.
2. Hitamo isoko yumucyo ufite amabara menshi yerekana n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Ukurikije imyitozo yo mu murima, ibara ryerekana amabara R a> 90, nubushyuhe bwamabara ya zahabu hamwe nubushyuhe bwamabara hejuru ya 5500K
Ni itara rya halide, rizabyara isura ya stade neza, nkamabara yumwimerere ya nyakatsi.
3. Hitamo isoko yoroheje ifite ibimenyetso byiza byo kugenzura.
4. Hitamo amatara ahuye nisoko yumucyo.Nukuvuga, imiterere nubwoko birahujwe, nibisobanuro bihujwe nimbaraga zumucyo.
5. Hitamo amatara ahuye nibidukikije.Kubera ko amatara yikibuga cyumucyo yashyizwe mumurima ufunguye hanze, mugihe uhisemo amatara, urwego rwo kurinda amatara kubintu byamahanga namazi hamwe nurwego rwo gukubita amashanyarazi bigomba gutekerezwa byuzuye.Mubisanzwe, urwego rwo kurinda IP55 hamwe nicyiciro cyo gukingira amashanyarazi Ê urwego rwatoranijwe.Byongeye kandi, imikorere yo kurwanya ruswa yamatara igomba gutekerezwa ifatanije nibidukikije byaho.
6. Hitamo amatara ashobora gukoresha neza umurongo wo gukwirakwiza urumuri.Kugirango rero tunoze imikorere yumucyo, kugabanya gutakaza ingufu, mugihe kimwe, amatara agomba kugira urumuri rwiza, kandi bikagabanya ingaruka zumucyo.
7. Hitamo amatara yubukungu nisoko yumucyo hamwe nigiciro gito cyo gukora.Bitekerezwa cyane cyane mubice byo gukoresha itara, itara nubuzima bwumucyo, hamwe no gufata neza itara.
8. Guhitamo inkingi zoroheje.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi busanzwe, nkubwoko butajegajega, ubwoko bugoramye, ubwoko bwo guterura pneumatike nubwoko bwo guterura hydraulic.Uburyo bwo guhitamo, bigomba kurebwa hamwe nibidukikije bya stade nimbaraga zubukungu bwumushinga ushora imari, hashingiwe ku kutagira ingaruka kuri stade no kureba ubwiza nyaburanga bwa stade.
Ibishushanyo mbonera
Igishushanyo mbonera
Plan Igishushanyo mbonera cyamasomo ya golf nibisabwa bijyanye nigishushanyo mbonera;
Association Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ryo kumurika Siporo Kumurika IESNA RP-6-01 "Itara rya siporo n’imyidagaduro";
Software Amashanyarazi yo muri Amerika ya Musco yerekana ibishushanyo mbonera bya "Musco Lighting Software Ibisobanuro";
Ibipimo byasabwe kubishushanyo mbonera bya Musco kumasomo ya golf;
⑤ "GB50034-2004 Kubaka Amashanyarazi Igishushanyo mbonera cy'amashanyarazi";
. "JGJ16-92 Kode y'amashanyarazi ya gisivili";
LD + Igishushanyo mbonera + Gusaba na IES.
Igishushanyo mbonera
Mu gace ka tee, umwanya mwiza wurumuri ruri inyuma yicyayi, bishobora gukumira neza igicucu cya golf gutwikira umupira wa golf.Ameza maremare cyane arashobora gukenera inkingi ebyiri zitanga urumuri.Muri iki gihe, birakenewe gukumira inkingi zumucyo hafi yimeza yimbere itabangamira kumeza yinyuma.
Ahantu nyabagendwa, amatara kumpande zombi agomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa nandi matara kugirango abone imipira igwa kumpande zombi zumuhanda, mugihe hagabanijwe urumuri rwazanywe mumihanda yegeranye.Kubyerekezo bigufi (ubugari bwumuhanda uri munsi yikubye kabiri uburebure bwurumuri), nibyiza kwambuka impande zombi zumucyo kugirango ugabanye umubare wibiti.Ku nzira nyabagendwa irenze inshuro ebyiri z'uburebure bwinkingi, imirishyo yumucyo igomba guhuzagurika no guhuzagurika mugihe amatara ateganijwe.Kugirango ubone uburinganire bwiza, intera iri hagati yinkingi ntigomba kurenza inshuro 3 uburebure bwinkingi.Icyerekezo cyerekana amatara yose kigomba kuba gihuye nicyerekezo cyumupira, hamwe nigenzura ryaka nibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano.
Icyatsi kimurikirwa mubyerekezo bibiri bitandukanye, bishobora kugabanya igicucu cya golf mugihe ushyize umupira.Inkingi yoroheje igomba gutondekwa muri dogere 15 kugeza kuri 35 uhereye kumurongo wo hagati wicyatsi.Umupaka wa dogere 15 yambere ni ukugabanya cyane urumuri rwa golf, naho urwa nyuma ni ukurinda amatara kutabangamira isasu.Intera iri hagati yinkingi zombi ntigomba kurenza inshuro 3 z'uburebure bwinkingi, kandi ntigomba kuba munsi yamatara abiri kuri buri giti.Niba hari bunkers, amazi, inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa izindi mbogamizi, inyongera Reba umubare wamatara nu mfuruka.
Kubijyanye no gutoranya ubwoko bwurumuri, kugirango tubone uburinganire bwiza no kugabanya urumuri, tugomba gukoresha amatara maremare mugihe dutanga urumuri rutambitse kuri tee nicyatsi, ariko ntitubone amakuru menshi yo kumurika.Ubwoko bw'amatara magufi.Mu kumurika inzira nyabagendwa, amatara afite ubugari butandukanye nibiti bigufi bigomba gukoreshwa hamwe kugirango ubone urumuri rwiza, kandi amatara yagutse agomba guhitamo.Kurenza urumuri rwo gukwirakwiza umurongo uboneka kumatara, ibyiza byo gushushanya bishobora kuboneka.
Luminaire Hitamo
ONOR Itara risaba urukiko rwumwuga amatara yumwuzure hamwe namatara maremare yumuriro LED amatara nkibikoresho byo kumurika inzira ya golf.
Imikorere iranga stade yumwuga wumwuga: urumuri ni urumuri, rufite ibikoresho byoroshye gutwara, kandi rufite 360º ishobora guhindurwa;icyarimwe, ifite ibikoresho byo kureba neza, bishobora gushyirwaho hejuru cyangwa hepfo yumubiri wumucyo;ubushyuhe bwibidukikije: Yego Birakwiriye gukoreshwa murugo no hanze mubihe bisanzwe;binyuze muburyo buhoro buhoro, imikorere yamatara no gukoresha neza urumuri biratera imbere cyane;sisitemu idasanzwe ya elliptique optique hamwe nisoko rishya ryumucyo itanga imikorere muri rusange hamwe nubwizerwe buhanitse, urumuri ruke hamwe nurwego rwiza rwo kumurika, Ikigaragara ni gito kandi cyiza, coefficient de coiffe ni nto, kandi uburemere bworoshye.Itara rifite umurongo udasanzwe wo gukwirakwiza urumuri;ibiranga urumuri rutomoye, gukwirakwiza urumuri rwinshi, gutangira ako kanya nibindi.
Imikorere iranga amatara maremare yumucyo LED amatara: patenti "fin-type" imiterere yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubushyuhe bwa LED ni kinini, ubushyuhe bw’umuriro ni bwiza, ntibigabanya gusa ubushyuhe bw’urumuri rwa LED, ariko kandi bufite no kwangirika kw’umucyo kandi kuramba kuramba, hamwe nuburemere bwibicuruzwa Byoroheje kandi bitekanye, nibicuruzwa bya tekinoroji ya LED yamurika ibereye kumurika siporo kumasoko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-08-2022